Analisis Kesehatan Lingkungan Sektor Informal pada Industri Tahu Kedelai XYZ Kota Tasikmalaya
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54259/sehatrakyat.v5i3.8593Keywords:
Environmental Health Analysis, Environmental Hazard, Occupational Environmental Quality, Tofu Industry, Informal SectorAbstract
The informal food industry sector, particulary the soybean tofu industry, is one type of business that falls under the category of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). The industry generally operates without a structured occupational health and safety (OHS) management system, making it vulnerable to various environmental risks. Objective: This study aims to identify environmental hazards, occupational environmental quality, and environmental problems at the XYZ soybean tofu industry in Tasikmalaya City. Methods: An observation descriptive study using an Environmental Health Analysis (EHA) design was conducted in February 2025. Data were collected throught direct observation of work process, hazard identification, subjective measurement of environmental quality parameters, and interviews with one surrounding resident using a questionnaire. Results: Physical hazards identified included fire exposure, slippery floors, and machine noise; chemicals hazards included hot steam, smoke, and wood dust; biologicals hazards included waste contamination and microorganisms in soybeans soaking water; and radiation hazards included electromagnetic fields from the boiler, thermal radiation, and solar UV exposure. Observations revealed that machine noise disrupted worker communication, wood dust levels were very high, the work environment was hot and stuffy, and vector presence (flies and cockroaches) was significant. The highest priority problems were high temperature exposure and thermal radiation, followed by air pollution, noise, wastewater, and solid waste management. Conclusion: XYZ soybean tofu industry faces multiple environmental hazards requiring immediate intervention, particulary temperature control, air pollution from wood combustion, and machine noise, to protect long term workers health.
Downloads
References
Abateneh, G., Gizaw, Z., Gebrehiwot, M., & Worede, E. A. (2024). Prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms and associated factors among woodwork workers in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia; a comparative cross-sectional study. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 24(1), 1–10.
Adan, M., Rowley, J., & Clarke, L. (2023). Thermal radiation and burn hazards from high-temperature industrial processing equipment. . Journal of Occupational Health and Engineering.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2026). Jumlah Penduduk Kota Tasikmalaya 2025.
Chandra, S. V. S., & Xu, Z. (2024). Heat and health of occupational workers: a short summary of literature. Journal of Occupational Health, 66(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/joccuh/uiae018
De Sario, M., de’Donato, F. K., Bonafede, M., Marinaccio, A., Levi, M., Ariani, F., Morabito, M., & Michelozzi, P. (2023). Occupational heat stress, heat-related effects and the related social and economic loss: a scoping literature review. Frontiers in Public Health, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1173553
Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tasikmalaya. (2025). Profil Kesehatan Kota Tasikmalaya Tahun 2024.
EU-OSHA. (2021). Introduction to work-related musculoskeletal disorders and hand-arm vibration syndrome in small-scale industries. Occupational Safety and Health Report Series.
Gong, X., Yi, M., Jiang, C., Xiong, Q., Xu, B., Weng, F., Zeng, L., Lu, R., Chen, Z., Yan, C., Li, Q., & Zhang, Q. (2025). Global burden and trends of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (1990–2021) and projection to 2040. Frontiers in Public Health, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2025.1682413
ILO. (2024). Heat at work: Implications for safety and health. A global review of the science, policy and practice. .
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (2023). IARC Monographs on the Identification of Carcinogenic Hazards to Humans: Wood Dust and Formaldehyde.
International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP). (2020). Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields (100 kHz to 300 GHz). Health Physics, 118 (5), 483–524.
Karanasiou, A., Alastuey, A., Amato, F., Renzi, M., Stafoggia, M., Tobias, A., Reche, C., Forastiere, F., Gumy, S., Mudu, P., & Querol, X. (2021). Short-term health effects from outdoor exposure to biomass burning emissions: A review. Science of The Total Environment, 781, 146739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146739
Kim, I.-J. (2022). Editorial: Research challenge on slip prevention measures in the workplace. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1105047
Mendonca, A., Gomez, R., & Pushparaj, A. (2024). Foodborne pathogens and microbial hazards in plant-based food processing byproducts. . Food Control Trends, 42(1), 145–158.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). (2019). Criteria for a recommended standard: Occupational noise exposure.
Orru, H., Olstrup, H., Kukkonen, J., López-Aparicio, S., Segersson, D., Geels, C., Tamm, T., Riikonen, K., Maragkidou, A., Sigsgaard, T., Brandt, J., Grythe, H., & Forsberg, B. (2022). Health impacts of PM2.5 originating from residential wood combustion in four nordic cities. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1286. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-13622-x
Osasah, V., Whitfield, Y., Adams, J., Danish, A., Mather, R., & Aloosh, M. (2023). An Outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium Infections Linked to Ready-To-Eat Tofu in Multiple Health Districts — Ontario, Canada, May–July 2021. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 72(32), 855–858. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7232a1
OSHA. (2023). Hydrogen sulfide hazards in industrial wastewater and organic waste management. . U.S. Department of Labor.
OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration). (2024). Occupational noise exposure standards and hearing conservation programs.
Peraturan Menteri Ketrenagakerjaan RI No. 5 Tahun 2018, Pub. L. No. 5 (2018).
Prasetyo, A. B., Wardani, K. S., & Utomo, T. (2023). Pengaruh radiasi termal dan beban kerja terhadap risiko heat stress serta penurunan konsentrasi pada pekerja industri pengolahan makanan. Indonesian Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 12(1), 78–87.
Sari, D. P., & Rahmawati, E. (2022). Analisis paparan medan elektromagnetik dari mesin boiler industri terhadap kelelahan kerja dan gangguan tidur pada operator. Jurnal Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja Indonesia, 11(2), 145–153.
Simanjuntak, D. R., Safitri, R., & Handayani, S. (2022). Uji bakteriologis air rendaman tahu putih pada industri rumah tangga. . Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Dan Kesehatan (JIPHAR), 10(2), 114–122.
Svedahl, K., Taylor, S., & Mikkelsen, R. (2022). Respiratory effects, occupational asthma, and allergies from exposure to tropical wood dusts. . International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 95(4), 789–801.
Tahyadi, M. A., & Rahayu, S. (2023). Identifikasi bakteri Coliform dan mikroba kontaminan pada proses pengolahan kedelai menjadi produk tahu. Jurnal Inovasi Dan Teknologi Pangan, 5(1), 45–53.
Taylor, J. , M. R. , & C. L. (2024). Thermal injuries and inhalation hazards from high-temperature industrial steam. Journal of Occupational Health and Dermatology, 10 (2), 114–122. https://doi.org/doi:10.1136/thorax-2023-221329
Thurston, G. D., Balmes, J. R., & Garcia, E. (2022). Outdoor and household air pollution: Combustion emissions, particulate matter, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 10(6), 599–612.
WHO (World Health Organization). (2023). Ambient and household air pollution: Guidelines on wood combustion emissions and respiratory health.
World Health Organization. (2021). World report on hearing: Chronic noise exposure and hearing conservation at workplaces.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Ultraviolet radiation and human health.
Zaydon, Dr. T. J. (2024). Scald Burns: How Temperature and Exposure Time Impact Burn Severity. https://doi.org/https://drzaydon.com/scald-burns-how-temperature-and-exposure-time-impact-burn-severity/
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Bella Kusuma Dewi, Andik Setiyono
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa SEHATRAKYAT (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada SEHATRAKYAT (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat).
