A Literature Review on Reconstructing Islamic Educational Philosophy in the Digital Age: Between Classical Wisdom and AI Ethics
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54259/diajar.v5i1.6781Keywords:
Islamic Educational Philosophy , AI Ethics , Digital Posthumanism , Maqāṣid Al-Syarī‘ahAbstract
The development of digital technology and Artificial Intelligence (AI) presents epistemic, ethical, and ontological challenges that require a reconstruction of the philosophy of Islamic education to remain relevant in the era of disruption and digital posthumanism. The growing integration of AI into learning processes, knowledge production, and educational decision-making reshapes understandings of humanity, knowledge, and values. This conceptual study aims to reformulate the ontological, epistemological, and axiological foundations of Islamic education in response to intelligent technologies. This study employs a critical literature review of scholarly works published between 2020 and 2025 on the philosophy of Islamic education, technology ethics, and contemporary AI discourse, drawing from both Western perspectives and classical as well as modern Islamic thought. The findings indicate that, ontologically, Islamic education views human beings as moral subjects and khalifah endowed with spiritual dimensions and transcendent responsibility, rendering them irreducible to algorithmic entities or computational systems. Epistemologically, AI is positioned as an assistive epistemic tool that supports knowledge acquisition and management, rather than replacing human reason or divine revelation. Axiologically, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah provide an ethical framework to ensure that the use of AI aligns with principles of justice, public benefit (maṣlaḥah), responsibility, and human fitrah. This study proposes a Digital-Humanistic Philosophy of Islamic Education that integrates classical Islamic wisdom with contemporary AI ethics, affirms the primacy of values over technology, positions technology as a servant of values, and centers human beings as the core of education and moral responsibility in the digital age.
Downloads
References
Amiruddin, “The Monocotomic Islamic Education System: Construction of Islamic Education in Digital Era,” International Journal of Social Science And Human Research, vol. 06, no. 10, Oct. 2023, doi: 10.47191/ijsshr/v6-i10-91.
M. Mahbubi, “Filsafat Pendidikan Islam di Era AI: Integrasi Epistemologi dan Aksiologi Islam,” An-Nuha: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 37–37, Feb. 2025, [Online]. Available: http://annuha.ppj.unp.ac.id
S. Habibah, K. Sholikhah, Ernaningsih, and Mahbub Junaidi, “TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DI ERA POSTHUMANISME,” Dar El Ilmi: Jurnal Keagamaan, Pendidikan dan Humaniora, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 87–102, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.32332/xycgmg88.
Yuli Rohmiyati, “Enhancing English Language Learning Through Artificial Intelligence: Opportunities, Challenges and the Future,” DIAJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 8–16, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.54259/diajar.v4i1.3344.
Fandir, “Transformation of Islamic Education: Implementation of Technological Innovation in Education Management,” Jurnal Ilmiah Mandala Education (JIME), vol. 10, no. 1, Jan. 2024.
M. Taufik, “Strategic Role of Islamic Religious Education In Strengthening Character Education In The Era of Industrial Revolution 4.0,” Jurnal Ilmiah ISLAM FUTURA, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 86–104, 2020, doi: 10.15308/sinteza-2016.
M. Hafiz, F. F. Mirza, and W. Kurniawan, “Reconstruction of Islamic Religious Education Curriculum in Building Moderate Student Character in the Digital Era,” EDUSOSHUM Journal of Islamic Education and Social Humanities, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 233–241, 2025.
A. Nirwana et al., “SWOT Analysis of AI Integration in Islamic Education: Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor Impacts,” Qubahan Academic Journal, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 476–503, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1498.
M. S. Djazilan, A. Rulyansah, and J. Rihlah, “Why AI is Essential for the Future of Islamic Education: A Call for Ethical and Effective Implementation,” EDUKASIA: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 201–216, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.62775/edukasia.v5i2.1373.
Hastuti and N. Hartono, “Rekonstruksi Pendidikan Islam Berbasis Technoscience: Optimalisasi Kecerdasan Buatan Untuk Pembelajaran Inovatif,” no. 2, Oct. 2024.
Khaerul Anam, Muhamad Sadli, and Hadi Wijaya, “Analysis of Artificial Intelligence (AI) Utilization for Improving Motor Skills Learning Outcomes among Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) Students,” DIAJAR: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 202–209, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.54259/diajar.v3i2.2492.
A. M. Aripin and D. Noviani, “Integrasi Teknologi dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam: Peluang dan Tantangan,” El-Mujtama: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat , vol. 5, no. 1, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.47467/elmujtama.v5i1.5625.
Achruh, M. Rapi, M. Rusdi, and R. Idris, “Challenges and Opportunities of Artificial Intelligence Adoption in Islamic Education in Indonesian Higher Education Institutions,” International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 423–443, Nov. 2024, doi: 10.26803/ijlter.23.11.22.
N. A. Shofiyyah, O. Lesmana, and H. Tohari, “Metamorphosis of Islamic Religious Education Learning Method: Classic Approach Converted by Artificial Intelligence (AI),” Jurnal Pendidikan : Riset dan Konseptual, vol. 8, no. 2, p. 265, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.28926/riset_konseptual.v8i2.998.
I. N. Syafaat, A. A. Fajaruddin, and M. Darwis, “Urgensi Mata Rantai Keilmuan dalam Pendidikan Islam di Era AI,” Discovery: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan, vol. 10, no. 1, Mar. 2025.
M. Savin-Baden, “What Are Postdigital Humans?,” in Postdigital Humans. Postdigital Science and Education, vol. 18, no. 4–5, Springer, 2021, pp. 379–394. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65592-1_1.
N. Sholihah and Ari Abi Aufa, “Humanisasi Teknologi dalam Pendidikan: Analisis Filsafat Terhadap Ancaman Dehumanisasi di Era Pembelajaran Digital Berbasis AI,” Hikmah : Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Agama Islam, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 107–118, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.61132/hikmah.v2i4.1453.
M. Maulidia, M. Finetri, and M. Fahmi, “When Teachers Are Digital,” Kanz Philosophia: A Journal for Islamic Philosophy and Mysticism, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 131–152, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.20871/kpjipm.v11i1.418.
A. Yusgiantara, “Incorporating Artificial Intelligence into Islamic Education: An Epistemological Framework for Knowledge Interconnection in the Age of Industry 5.0,” Lisyabab Jurnal Studi Islam dan Sosial, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 2722–8096, 2025, doi: 10.58326/jurnallisyabab.v6i2.394.
M. S. N. Meybodi, “Comparative Analysis of the Ethical Foundations of Islamic and Western Civilizations in the Face of Artificial Intelligence Crises 1,” Biannual Journal, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 39–69, 2025, doi: 10.30465/AFG.2025.51539.2184.
M. A. Fanani and M. I. Abdurrohman, “Revitalization of Islamic Religious Education in Answering the Challenges of the Digital Era,” LECTURES: Journal of Islamic and Education Studies, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 79–87, Mar. 2025, doi: 10.58355/lectures.v4i1.133.
Waluyo, Khomsin, and T. Khoiri, “PAI-AI Trinity of Knowledge: An Examination of Artificial Intelligence in Islamic Religious Education through the Lens of the Philosophy of Science Waluyo,” Wahana Akademika: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Sosial, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 171–186, 2025, doi: 10.21580/wa.v12i2.28574.
M. I. Amil, “JUMPENA: The Potential of Posthumanist Philosophy in Reconfiguring Tawheed Education in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: A Conceptual Study and Theoretical,” JUMPENA: Jurnal Moderasi Pendidikan Agama, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 21–28, 2025, doi: 10.55681/jumpena.v2i2.1859.
M. R. Masyhari and K. H. Bin Jamil, “Maqashid Sunnah as a Philosophical Foundation for Developing Progressive Islamic Education in the Digital Era,” Progresiva : Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam, vol. 13, no. 01, pp. 35–56, Apr. 2024, doi: 10.22219/progresiva.v13i01.32005.
A. Diana, M. Z. Azani, and M. M, “The Concept And Context Of Islamic Education Learning In The Digital Era: Relevance And Integrative Studies,” Profetika: Jurnal Studi Islam, vol. 25, no. 01, pp. 33–44, Feb. 2024, doi: 10.23917/profetika.v25i01.4239.
Kusnawan and A. Alijaya, “Formulation of Islamic Education in Digital Society,” International Journal of Contemporary Sciences (IJCS), vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 349–356, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.55927/ijcs.v2i3.13599.
C. Nikmatullah, W. Wahyudin, N. Tarihoran, and A. Fauzi, “Digital Pesantren: Revitalization of the Islamic Education System in the Disruptive Era,” Al-Izzah: Jurnal Hasil-Hasil Penelitian, no. 1, p. 1, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.31332/ai.v0i0.5880.
D. Priyanto et al., “Integration Of Artificial Intelligence In Learning Islamic Religious Education Based On Emotional Intelligence In Primary Schools,” Journal of International Multidisciplinary Research, vol. 3, no. 5, May 2025, [Online]. Available: https://journal.banjaresepacific.com/index.php/jimr
K. R. Shalehah, Faqih Fathul Ihsan, Muhammad Ariz Hibrizi, Muhammad Novry Ramadhan, and Abdul Fadhil, “Transformasi Pendidikan Islam di Era Digital: Rekonstruksi Nilai-Nilai Historis dalam Menyongsong Masyarakat Virtual,” Jurnal IHSAN : Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 551–566, Jul. 2025, doi: 10.61104/ihsan.v3i3.1529.
Zakaria, T. Sukomardojo, Sugiyem, G. Razali, and Iskandar, “Menyiapkan Siswa untuk Karir Masa Depan Melalui Pendidikan Berbasis Teknologi : Meninjau Peran Penting Kecerdasan Buatan,” Journal on Education, vol. 5, no. 4, May 2023.
N. Sa’diyah, S. Bektiarso, and T. Prihandono, “Artificial Intelligence (AI) dan Digitalisasi dalam Pendidikan: antara Harapan dan Kekhawatiran,” Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, vol. 8, 2024.
R. W. Gumati, “Manusia Sebagai Subjek Dan Objek Pendidikan (Analisis Semantik Manusia Dalam Filsafat Pendidikan Islam),” Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, vol. 1, no. 2, 2020.
L. Chen, P. Chen, and Z. Lin, “Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review,” IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 75264–75278, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2988510.
M. A. Salim and R. B. Aditya, “Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Islamic Education: Trends, Methods, and Challenges in the Digital Era,” Journal of Modern Islamic Studies and Civilization, vol. 3, no. 01, pp. 74–89, Jan. 2025, doi: 10.59653/jmisc.v3i01.1368.
M. Salari, “At the Threshold of Consciousness: Artificial Intelligence and the Manifestation of the Eternal Truth,” Biannual Journal, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 197–240, 2025, doi: 10.30465/srs.2025.52360.2228.
T. A. Santika and M. W. Shohib, “Building Digital Tolerance Through Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Quranic Values,” Journal of Islamic Education Thoughts and Practices, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 192–202, 2025, doi: 10.23917/iseedu.v9i2.130.
N. R. Haddaway, M. J. Page, C. C. Pritchard, and L. A. McGuinness, “PRISMA2020: An R package and Shiny app for producing PRISMA 2020-compliant flow diagrams, with interactivity for optimised digital transparency and Open Synthesis,” Campbell Systematic Reviews, vol. 18, no. 2, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.1002/cl2.1230.
R. Hashem, E. Elkaleh, O. Abu Khurma, and Nagla, “The Emirati Habitus: The Impact of Values on Students’ Interaction with AI,” J Ethics, vol. 29, pp. 975–1002, 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10892-025-09530-y.
Andri Alipia, Dinda Siti Handayani, Dyah Islamika Mahdarani, and Etika Pujianti, “Filsafat Pendidikan Islam dan Relevansinya terhadap Pendidikan Islam Kontemporer,” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 724–731, Apr. 2025, doi: 10.31004/jerkin.v3i4.497.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Evi juliyanti, Iskandar Iskandar, Latifur Rahmi, Fatimah Zohra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Hak cipta pada setiap artikel adalah milik penulis.
Penulis mengakui bahwa DIAJAR (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran) sebagai publisher yang mempublikasikan pertama kali dengan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Penulis dapat memasukan tulisan secara terpisah, mengatur distribusi non-ekskulif dari naskah yang telah terbit di jurnal ini kedalam versi yang lain, seperti: dikirim ke respository institusi penulis, publikasi kedalam buku, dan lain-lain. Dengan mengakui bahwa naskah telah terbit pertama kali pada DIAJAR (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran).
