MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

The main sections are fixed as in the template, and subsections may be added where they are needed. Main headings are numbered 1, 2, 3, and so on, and subheadings are numbered 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and so on. Headings are set in Times New Roman 12 pt bold.

A systematic literature review or a conceptual article follows the same structure. In that case, the Research Method section explains how the sources were identified, selected, and analyzed.

• Tables are numbered in the order in which they first appear (Table 1, Table 2, and so on) and are cited in the text.
• The caption, which consists of the table number and a short descriptive title, is placed above the table, centered, in Times New Roman 11 pt.
• The contents of the table are set in Times New Roman 11 pt, with thin borders and a header row in bold.
• Tables are created as editable text and not as images or screenshots.
• Column labels and units are clear. Abbreviations and statistical notation are explained in a note below the table.
• The source of the data is stated below the table, for example Source: Processed by the author (2021).

• Figures are numbered in the order in which they first appear (Figure 1, Figure 2, and so on) and are cited in the text.
• The caption is placed below the figure, centered, in Times New Roman 11 pt bold.
• Figures must be legible at the published size. Blurred images are not accepted.
• Do not rely on color alone. Add labels, patterns, or symbols so that the figure can be understood when it is printed in black and white.
• The source of the figure is stated below the caption.
• When a figure or a table is adapted from another work, the permission of the rights holder must be obtained. See the Copyright Notice and Licensing pages.

• Style. Use either the IEEE style or the APA style, and apply the chosen style consistently throughout the manuscript.
• IEEE. Citations are numbers in square brackets, for example [1], [2, 3], and [4] to [6]. The numbers follow the order in which the sources first appear, and a source that is cited again keeps its number.
• APA. Citations give the author and the year, and the reference list is arranged alphabetically.
• Matching. Every citation in the text must appear in the list of references, and every entry in the list must be cited in the text.
• Number and age of sources. Cite at least 20 references, mainly primary sources that were published within the last five years. Primary sources are reports of original research, such as journal articles and conference proceedings.
• Bibliographic details. Give complete details, including the page range or the article number where there is one.
• DOI. Give the DOI of every reference that has one, preferably as a link that begins with https://doi.org/. For an online source without a DOI, give the URL and the date on which it was accessed.
• Layout. The reference list is set in Times New Roman 11 pt with a hanging indent.
• Reference managers. Mendeley or Zotero may be used. The author remains responsible for the correctness of the numbering and of the format.

• Supplementary material is optional. It may include research instruments (such as questionnaires, interview guides, and observation sheets) and datasets.
• Each item is given a consistent label and a descriptive title, and it is cited in the text.
• The author describes the content of each item, its relation to the article, and the software that is needed to open it.
• Supplementary material does not replace the explanation of the main contribution in the manuscript itself.
• Data sharing follows the Data Sharing Policy. The files are uploaded together with the manuscript at submission.

A checklist for the manuscript is given in section 9 of the Author Guidelines.

If you find that the template conflicts with the instructions on this page, or if you have a question about the template, please write to the editorial office at jurnal.manabis@gmail.com before you submit the manuscript.